The historian and geographer Abu ‘Ubayd al-Bakri (d. 1094) provided information about Saharan caravan trade to a readership hungry to learn about faraway trading partners. In his Book of Routes and Realms, published in 1063, al-Bakri describes royal succession in Kawkaw, the medieval name for Gao: “When a king ascends the throne, he is handed a signet ring, a sword, and a copy of the Qur’an, which, as they assert, were sent to them by the Commander of the Faithful. Their king is a Muslim, for they entrust their kingship only to Muslims.” A sword and jewelry were among the diplomatic gifts received by Mansa Musa.